Det är väldigt få regelböcker som säger något specifikt om hur ett fingerslag skall se ut. Det är oftast väldigt generella formulering om att bollen inte får "hållas, kastas eller föras". Detta gäller både beach och inomhus.
För att ta lite exempel.. från FIVB Rules of the game 2007-2008 (beach)
13.4.1 The ball may touch any part of the body.
13.4.2 The ball must be hit, not caught or thrown. It can rebound in any direction.
Exceptions:
a) In defensive action of a hard driven ball. In this case, the ball can be held momentarily overhand with the fingers.
b) If simultaneous contacts by the two opponents leads to a “held ball”.
13.4.3 The ball may touch various parts of the body, only if the contacts take place simultaneously.
Exceptions:
a) At blocking, consecutive contacts (Rule 18.4.2) by one or more blockers are authorized, provided that they occur during one action.
b) At the first hit of the team, unless it is played overhand using fingers (exception Rule 13.4.2 a), the ball may contact various parts of the body consecutively, provided that the contacts occur during one action.
Det finns inga riktiga definitioner av vad "hit", "caught", "carried" innebär, det är upp till förstedomare att göra en bedömning.
Tittar vi i "FIVB Referee delegate manual" så står det bland annat så här om fingerslag:
- There are various unique methods of setting and passing the ball in Beach Volley. A REFEREE must understand the nature of these shots concentrating on the initial point of contact and then the release point therefore establishing the length of time of contact and its cleanness.
- A REFEREE must aim to achieve consistency between the strictness of calling faults for double contact and for carried ball. This is especially important as through allowing prolonged carrying of the ball during the set, a REFEREE may favour one team over another.
- REFEREE’S must try to apply both consistency and criteria uniformly to all areas of ball handling. It is not desirable officiating technique to call a fault (based on certain criteria) and then not later penalise a similar fault that is equal in criteria.
- REFEREE’S must definitely consider that a clear fault has occurred not indicated by the spin of the ball, sound, player’s actions, position etc. You must see the fault to penalize it (or receive information from other officials).
General points to consider in judging double contact (finger setting) are:
- Spin should not be used as a definitive guide to calling a fault, i.e.: It is not correct to state that if it is spinning it must be a fault. It is possible for this to occur for other reasons
- The position of the players before, during and after the action should not be considered as definitive. The key remains the cleanness of the contact as observed by the official(s)
- The sound of the playing action should not be considered as indicating a fault or not a fault. The key remains the cleanness of the contact as observed by the official(s)
- REFEREES should concentrate on the time difference between the two hands that contact the ball. This is the fundamental nature of a double contact. A difference in the timing of two hands that contact the ball that is excessive is called as a double contact
- It is important that a REFEREE is consistent in their calling of double contact setting a clear consistent criteria that is called through out the match
- A REFEREE, especially the 1st REFEREE may need to alter their position in order to gain a clear line of sight to see the player’s actions
- It is possible that the REFEREE will not be able to clearly see the action of the player in playing the ball. In such cases it is good technique to use collaboration with your 2nd REFEREE
- The 2nd REFEREE should work collaboratively with the 1st REFEREE indicating by use of small hand signals. This should be done as much as possible privately between the two REFEREES. A 2nd REFEREE should not insist that the 1st REFEREE assume the consequences of the signal.
• General points to consider in judging carried balls (setting) are:
- The key component of judging carried calls when setting remains the duration (length, time of) the contact. Prolonged contact allows players to gain an unfair advantage in the playing of the game and it should be strictly called as a fault
- Spin or lack of it should not be used as a definitive guide to calling / not calling a fault, i.e.: It is not correct to state that if it is spinning it must be a fault. It is possible for this to occur for other reasons
- The position of the players before, during and after the action should not be considered as definitive. The key remains the cleanness of the contact as observed by the official(s) The sound of the playing action should not be considered as indicating a fault or not a fault. The key remains the cleanness of the contact as observed by the official(s)
- REFEREES should concentrate on the duration of the contact with the ball. This is the fundamental nature of a carry. The duration of the ball contact that is excessive is called as a carry. This duration is defined as being the difference in time between the initial contact point and the release point
- It is important that a REFEREE is consistent in their calling of carries setting a clear consistent criteria that is called through out the match
- A REFEREE, especially the 1st REFEREE may need to alter their position in order to gain a clear line of sight to see the player’s actions
- It is possible that the REFEREE will not be able to clearly see the action of the player in playing the ball. In such cases it is good technique to use collaboration with your 2nd REFEREE
- The 2nd REFEREE should work collaboratively with the 1st REFEREE indicating by use of small hand signals. This should be done as much as possible privately between the two REFEREES. A 2nd REFEREE should not insist that the 1st REFEREE assume the consequences of the signal.
Ungefär samma sak står i reglerna för inomhusvolleyboll.. Men att läsa ovanstående hjälper inte direkt för en ny domare. Erfarenhet, kollegor/spelare som ger feedback ger nog mer än att kunna ovanstående bokstav för bokstav.
mvh
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